[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fmbV1gHRMd5ayX8KKRv3a0R0LiaD6ylA3vCbduVK_rmw":3},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},200,"操作成功",{"id":7,"title":8,"content":9,"digest":10,"source":10,"coverPath":11,"thumbsCoverPath":12,"isTop":13,"isShow":14,"baseClick":13,"clickCount":15,"createTime":16,"typeId":17,"isNewest":18,"newsInfoTypeRespVo":19,"voiceUrl":22,"voiceSize":23,"taskId":24,"releaseTime":25,"titleEn":26,"contentEn":27,"voiceUrlEn":28,"taskIdEn":29,"voiceSizeEn":30},1296,"化学家首次实现RNA与氨基酸连接","\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 153, 0);\">据27日《自然》杂志报道，英国伦敦大学学院（UCL）化学家通过模拟早期地球的条件，首次实现了RNA与氨基酸的化学连接。这一难题自20世纪70年代以来一直困扰着科学家，如今，这一突破性成果为解答生命起源中“蛋白质如何合成”的关键问题提供了新思路。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cimg alt=\"undefined\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.51xinwei.com\u002F2025\u002F08\u002F5cc3b5f233b146f6b7b10deb8844e778\u002F391322_2a24945e-f1e2-49ad-86cd-6ebce20a771fcopy.jpg\" width=\"undefined\" height=\"undefined\" style=\"display: block; margin: auto;\">\u003Cp class=\"ql-align-center\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">大棱镜彩泉，美国黄石国家公园最大的温泉。图片来源：弗兰克·科瓦尔切克\u002F美国科学促进会网站\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">氨基酸是蛋白质的构建单元，而蛋白质是生命的“主力军”，几乎参与所有生物过程。然而，蛋白质无法自我复制或合成，它们需要“说明书”，而这一说明书由RNA提供。RNA是DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）的近亲，负责传递遗传信息，控制蛋白质合成。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">在现代生物体内，核糖体负责合成蛋白质。它读取信使RNA（mRNA）上的遗传密码，将氨基酸依次拼接成蛋白质。核糖体就像一条流水线，逐个读取RNA上的指令，并将氨基酸依次拼接，形成蛋白质。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">此次，研究团队完成了这一复杂过程的第一步。他们在中性水溶液环境下，通过化学反应将氨基酸与RNA连接。研究表明，该反应具有自发性和选择性，并可能在40亿年前的原始地球池塘或湖泊中发生。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">过去，此类实验往往依赖高反应性分子，但它们在水中不稳定，导致氨基酸彼此结合而非与RNA结合。现在，团队借鉴生物学机制，引入了硫酯作为活化中间体。硫酯是一类高能化合物，在许多生物化学过程中发挥重要作用，也被认为在生命起源中扮演关键角色。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">团队还利用含硫化合物泛硫胺来生成硫酯。此前，他们已证明泛硫胺可在早期地球条件下合成，这进一步支持了其在生命起始阶段的可能作用。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">团队成员表示，在当前的两种生命起源理论中，“RNA世界”假说认为，自我复制的RNA是基础；而“硫酯世界”假说则认为，硫酯是最早期生命的能量来源。新研究将这两种假说结合起来，为理解生命起源提供了新的统一框架。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">团队认为，这项成果虽然仅在化学层面取得进展，但它揭示的反应路径完全可能在早期地球上自然发生。下一步，他们将探索RNA如何与特定氨基酸优先结合，从而真正再现遗传密码的起源。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">总编辑圈点\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">理解蛋白质合成的起源，对于揭示生命从何而来至关重要。新研究就向我们展示了RNA如何在原始地球条件下完成了这一壮举的第一步。或许有一天，化学家能用碳、氮、氢、氧和硫等元素组成的简单分子，像搭建乐高积木一样，拼装出能够自我复制的分子，这将是解答生命起源问题的里程碑。现在，我们距离这一目标更近了一步。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">【新闻来源】科技日报 记者张佳欣 原标题《模拟早期地球条件，助力揭示生命起源，化学家首次实现RNA与氨基酸连接》 \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.stdaily.com\u002Fweb\u002Fgjxw\u002F2025-08\u002F27\u002Fcontent_391322.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">https:\u002F\u002Fwww.stdaily.com\u002Fweb\u002Fgjxw\u002F2025-08\u002F27\u002Fcontent_391322.html\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">（本网转发此文章，旨在为读者提供更多的信息资讯，所涉内容不构成投资、消费建议。文章事实如有疑问，请与有关方核实，文章观点非本网观点，仅供读者参考。）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","","https:\u002F\u002Fimage.51xinwei.com\u002F2025\u002F08\u002Ffc1249a66d60406bab95aabe4df92e21\u002F超限探索.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fimage.51xinwei.com\u002F2025\u002F08\u002Fthumbs\u002Ffc1249a66d60406bab95aabe4df92e21\u002F超限探索.jpg",0,1,143,"2025-08-29 15:32",2,false,{"id":17,"name":20,"enName":21},"芯位视野","Xinwei Vision","https:\u002F\u002Fxinwei-dev-test.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com\u002Fintelligent\u002Faudio%3A21f0da78-69ed-4ba0-b575-e864deb3922b%3A0.wav?Expires=1756462644&OSSAccessKeyId=LTAI5tNvY2RkKjZw4LLWsrPK&Signature=hgkUO3m1zdILXWLGIweXeRBBcNc%3D",5790046,"21f0da78-69ed-4ba0-b575-e864deb3922b","2025-08-29 15:27","Chemists first achieve the chemical connection between RNA and amino acids","\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 153, 0);\">According to a report in Nature on the 27th, chemists at University College London (UCL) in the UK have achieved the first chemical connection between RNA and amino acids by simulating the conditions of early Earth. This problem has been troubling scientists since the 1970s, and now this breakthrough provides new insights into the key question of how proteins were synthesized in the origin of life.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cimg alt=\"undefined\" src=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimage.51xinwei.com\u002F2025\u002F08\u002F5cc3b5f233b146f6b7b10deb8844e778\u002F391322_2a24945e-f1e2-49ad-86cd-6ebce20a771fcopy.jpg\" width=\"undefined\" height=\"undefined\" style=\"display: block; margin: auto;\">\u003Cp class=\"ql-align-center\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">Grand Prismatic Spring, the largest hot spring in Yellowstone National Park, USA. Photo source: Frank Kovalcheck \u002F AAAS website\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are the \"main force\" of life, participating in almost all biological processes. However, proteins cannot replicate or synthesize themselves; they need \"instructions,\" which are provided by RNA. RNA is a close relative of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), responsible for transmitting genetic information and controlling protein synthesis.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">In modern organisms, ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins. They read the genetic code on messenger RNA (mRNA) and sequentially connect amino acids into proteins. Ribosomes act like an assembly line, reading instructions on RNA one by one and connecting amino acids sequentially to form proteins.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">This time, the research team completed the first step of this complex process. Under neutral aqueous solution conditions, they connected amino acids with RNA through chemical reactions. The study shows that the reaction is spontaneous and selective and may have occurred in primitive Earth ponds or lakes 4 billion years ago.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Previously, such experiments often relied on highly reactive molecules, but they are unstable in water, causing amino acids to bind to each other rather than to RNA. Now, the team drew on biological mechanisms and introduced thioesters as activated intermediates. Thioesters are a class of high-energy compounds that play important roles in many biochemical processes and are also believed to have played a key role in the origin of life.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">The team also used thiamine disulfide to generate thioesters. Previously, they had proved that thiamine disulfide could be synthesized under early Earth conditions, further supporting its possible role in the beginning of life.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">The team members said that among the current two theories of the origin of life, the \"RNA world\" hypothesis suggests that self-replicating RNA is the basis, while the \"thioester world\" hypothesis suggests that thioesters are the energy source of the earliest life forms. The new research combines these two hypotheses, providing a new integrated framework for understanding the origin of life.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">The team believes that although this achievement is only a progress at the chemical level, the reaction path it reveals could have naturally occurred on the early Earth. Next, they will explore how RNA preferentially binds to specific amino acids, thus truly recreating the origin of the genetic code.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Editor's Note\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Understanding the origin of protein synthesis is crucial for revealing where life came from. The new study shows us the first step of how RNA accomplished this feat under the conditions of the early Earth. Perhaps one day, chemists can use simple molecules composed of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, like building LEGO bricks, to assemble molecules capable of self-replication. This would be a milestone in answering the question of the origin of life. Now, we are one step closer to this goal.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">[News Source] Science and Technology Daily, Reporter Zhang Jiaxin, Original Title: \"Simulating Conditions of Early Earth to Help Reveal the Origin of Life, Chemists First Achieve the Connection Between RNA and Amino Acids\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.stdaily.com\u002Fweb\u002Fgjxw\u002F2025-08\u002F27\u002Fcontent_391322.html\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">https:\u002F\u002Fwww.stdaily.com\u002Fweb\u002Fgjxw\u002F2025-08\u002F27\u002Fcontent_391322.html\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">（This article is forwarded by this site to provide readers with more information and news. The content does not constitute investment or consumption advice. If there are any questions about the facts of the article, please verify with the relevant parties. The views of the article are not the views of this site and are for reference only.）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","https:\u002F\u002Fxinwei-dev-test.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com\u002Fintelligent\u002Faudio%3Ae4d23933-ded5-4e09-b0fa-9d77bf722155%3A0.wav?Expires=1774838482&OSSAccessKeyId=LTAI5tNvY2RkKjZw4LLWsrPK&Signature=E0XbCyNtlmPcG7Nm%2BFOrEjlAmCI%3D","e4d23933-ded5-4e09-b0fa-9d77bf722155",7422110]