[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fw-QN43S3Thex3mkouN8sjGHkk1sKPVEhervqiv8fKFA":3},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},200,"操作成功",{"id":7,"title":8,"content":9,"digest":10,"source":10,"coverPath":11,"thumbsCoverPath":12,"isTop":13,"isShow":14,"baseClick":13,"clickCount":15,"createTime":16,"typeId":17,"isNewest":18,"newsInfoTypeRespVo":19,"voiceUrl":22,"voiceSize":23,"taskId":24,"releaseTime":25,"titleEn":26,"contentEn":27,"voiceUrlEn":28,"taskIdEn":29,"voiceSizeEn":30},1199,"应用型高校要培养“适销对路”的人才","\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 153, 0);\">随着我国产业转型升级加速，深化产教融合协同育人，实现教育链、人才链与产业链、创新链的有机衔接，加快培养高素质应用型人才备受各方关注。各地高校聚焦应用型人才培养改革，进行了一系列探索。日前，2025年应用型人才培养模式改革研讨会在沪召开，来自政府、高校、企业的200余位代表，共同探讨AI时代应用型人才培养的转型之路。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">近年来，人才培养与经济社会发展需要适配机制在加速完善，产教融合从规模扩张转向深度适配。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong style=\"font-size: 18px;\">不久前，上海5所市属高校启动应用型本科高校人才培养模式改革试点，目的就是引导高校密切跟踪市场需求，与行业产业共同制定学科专业建设规划，促进培养体系从“学科逻辑”向“产业逻辑”转变、培养方式从“标准化培养”向“定制化培养”转变。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">一些地方高校也快速响应，积极探索校企双元育人模式，重构学科专业调整机制、重塑人才培养体系、重构考核评价机制，追求产教适配、精准培养已蔚然成风。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">但也要看到，产教适配机制不完善、人才培养供给与需求脱节依然是瓶颈、顽疾。如何进一步完善产教适配机制，精准培养应用型人才，是广大地方应用型高校的必答题。审视当下，产教错配问题困扰着部分高校的人才高质量培养。具体表现为四个方面：培养目标未能精准锚定区域产业发展需求，专业设置滞后于产业升级，导致“学非所用”；培养过程未能有效对接行业标准和岗位能力要求，教学与生产脱节；评价体系未能有效引导师生面向应用、服务产业；校企合作未能建立互利共赢长效机制，多停留浅层，校热企冷。上述问题的本质是供给导向办学逻辑与需求驱动市场规律的割裂。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">破解这一难题，需要以产业需求为导向，完善产教适配机制，实现人才培养从“供给驱动”向“需求驱动”的系统转型。只有政校企等多方协同发力、系统推进，共建适配闭环，才能培养“适销对路”的人才。完善的产教适配机制是在区域层面构建以产业需求为逻辑起点、以人才培养为核心、以协同创新为动力、以制度政策为保障的闭环运行体系。其核心是通过政校企等多元主体协作和动态调整机制，解决人才供需的结构性矛盾。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px;\">高校要主动变，要看市场“吃饭”，教真本事。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">高校办学要“贴地飞行”，精准对接产业需求，学科专业设置要紧跟地方产业升级。课程内容要“保鲜”，要把企业真实项目、最新技术标准及时变成课堂内容，多开实践课、项目课，多让学生动手解决实际问题。教师要懂行，学校既要鼓励教师去企业“充电”，也要把企业专家请进校园讲课。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px;\">要提振企业参与协同育人的积极性。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">参与有“甜头”，企业才能真投入。企业出人、出力、出地方帮学校培养学生，政府要给补偿，比如减税、发补贴、提供用地，或者报销一部分成本，别让企业白干。可以给予企业一定“优先权”。深度合作的企业，可以优先挑选好学生去实习，毕业时优先录用优秀人才，甚至可以和学校一起搞研发、优先用成果。这样，企业才觉得投入值得，能招到合心意的好苗子。学校开设什么专业，学生实习实训要掌握哪些技能、怎么教、怎么考，要充分听取企业的建议。这样，才能保证培养出来的人才确实符合岗位要求。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px;\">长效保障机制对于完善产教适配机制至关重要。\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">政府搭好台，合作才长久。政府要出台清晰的政策或法规，明确学校和企业合作时的职责、权限。政府可牵头建设区域产业人才需求大数据平台，定期公布急需学科专业目录。高校在招生、培养前就知道市场缺什么人、缺多少人，确保培养方向目标与产业升级同频共振。定期“体检”看效果，可请第三方专家或机构定期检查校企合作到底有没有用、培养的人才企业满不满意、对地方产业的贡献度有多大。同时，要奖励干得好的。政府可以设立专项资金，重点奖励那些合作效果好、培养人才质量高的校企组合，或者有创新、可持续的好项目，形成“干得好就支持多”的正向循环。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">完善产教适配机制，构建政校企命运共同体，实现教育链与产业链深度耦合，地方高校才能源源不断地产出“下得去、留得住、干得好”的高素质应用型人才。\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">【新闻来源】\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-size: 14px; color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">《中国教育报》2025年07月17日 第02版 \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">（作者系邵阳学院党委副书记、院长） \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fedu.cnr.cn\u002Fsy\u002FsytjB\u002F20250718\u002Ft20250718_527268988.shtml\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">https:\u002F\u002Fedu.cnr.cn\u002Fsy\u002FsytjB\u002F20250718\u002Ft20250718_527268988.shtml\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">（本网转发此文章，旨在为读者提供更多的信息资讯，所涉内容不构成投资、消费建议。文章事实如有疑问，请与有关方核实，文章观点非本网观点，仅供读者参考。）\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","","https:\u002F\u002Fimage.51xinwei.com\u002F2025\u002F08\u002Fde9be5b16a1c4c3daa9f8e940a38bd20\u002F教育生态.jpg","https:\u002F\u002Fimage.51xinwei.com\u002F2025\u002F08\u002Fthumbs\u002Fde9be5b16a1c4c3daa9f8e940a38bd20\u002F教育生态.jpg",0,1,251,"2025-08-07 18:36",2,false,{"id":17,"name":20,"enName":21},"芯位视野","Xinwei Vision","https:\u002F\u002Fxinwei-dev-test.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com\u002Fintelligent\u002Faudio%3A18654268-aa3f-49bd-8aa7-839d758ecfcf%3A0.wav?Expires=1754579038&OSSAccessKeyId=LTAI5tNvY2RkKjZw4LLWsrPK&Signature=ekNau57EAzabZJ3Dc3DAwgB1pHU%3D",8852318,"18654268-aa3f-49bd-8aa7-839d758ecfcf","2025-08-07 18:30","Application-oriented universities need to cultivate \"marketable\" talents","\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 153, 0);\">With the acceleration of China's industrial transformation and upgrading, deepening industry-education integration for collaborative talent cultivation, achieving organic connection between the education chain, talent chain, industrial chain, and innovation chain, and accelerating the training of high-quality application-oriented talents have attracted widespread attention. Colleges and universities across the country focus on reforming the training of application-oriented talents and have carried out a series of explorations. Recently, the 2025 Application-Oriented Talent Cultivation Model Reform Symposium was held in Shanghai, with more than 200 representatives from government, universities, and enterprises jointly discussing the transformation path of application-oriented talent cultivation in the AI era.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">In recent years, the mechanism for matching talent cultivation with the needs of economic and social development has been rapidly improving, and industry-education integration has shifted from scale expansion to in-depth matching.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Not long ago, five municipal universities in Shanghai launched pilot reforms of the application-oriented undergraduate talent cultivation model, aiming to guide universities to closely track market demands, jointly develop discipline and major construction plans with industries, promote the transformation of the training system from \"academic logic\" to \"industrial logic\" and the training method from \"standardized training\" to \"customized training.\"\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Some local universities have also responded quickly, actively exploring the dual-training model of schools and enterprises, reconstructing the mechanism for adjusting disciplines and majors, reshaping the talent training system, and reengineering the assessment and evaluation mechanism, making pursuing industry-education alignment and precise training a prevailing trend.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">However, it should also be noted that the industry-education alignment mechanism is still imperfect, and the disconnection between talent supply and demand remains a bottleneck and chronic problem. How to further improve the industry-education alignment mechanism and accurately cultivate application-oriented talents is an essential question for local application-oriented universities. Looking at the current situation, the issue of industry-education misalignment troubles the high-quality talent cultivation of some universities. It specifically manifests in four aspects: the training objectives fail to accurately anchor the regional industrial development needs, the professional settings lag behind industrial upgrading, leading to \"learning what is not used\"; the training process fails to effectively connect with industry standards and job competency requirements, causing a disconnect between teaching and production; the evaluation system fails to effectively guide teachers and students towards application and service to the industry; and the school-enterprise cooperation fails to establish a long-term mechanism of mutual benefit, often remaining superficial, with schools enthusiastic and enterprises indifferent. The essence of these problems lies in the disconnection between the supply-driven university operation logic and the demand-driven market rules.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">To solve this problem, it is necessary to take industry needs as the orientation, improve the industry-education alignment mechanism, and achieve a systematic transformation of talent cultivation from \"supply-driven\" to \"demand-driven.\" Only through coordinated efforts among the government, schools, and enterprises and systematic promotion can we build an adaptive closed loop to cultivate \"marketable\" talents. An improved industry-education alignment mechanism is a closed-loop operating system constructed at the regional level, starting with industry needs, centered on talent cultivation, driven by collaborative innovation, and guaranteed by institutional policies. Its core is to resolve structural contradictions in talent supply and demand through collaboration among multiple stakeholders and dynamic adjustment mechanisms.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Universities must proactively change, rely on the market for survival, and teach real skills.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">University operations should \"fly close to the ground,\" precisely aligning with industrial needs, and the setting of disciplines and majors should follow local industrial upgrades. Course content should remain fresh, integrating real enterprise projects and the latest technical standards into classroom content, offering more practical courses and project-based courses, and allowing students to solve practical problems through hands-on experience. Teachers should be proficient in their fields; universities should encourage teachers to go to enterprises for further training and invite industry experts to give lectures on campus.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px;\">We need to boost the enthusiasm of enterprises for participating in collaborative talent cultivation.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Enterprises will only invest genuinely if they see \"benefits.\" When enterprises provide personnel, effort, and space to help schools train students, the government should offer compensation, such as tax reductions, subsidies, or land provision, or reimbursement of part of the costs, so that enterprises do not work for free. Enterprises can be given certain \"priority rights.\" Enterprises with deep cooperation can prioritize selecting good students for internships, prioritizing the employment of outstanding graduates, or even collaborating with schools on R&D and using results preferentially. In this way, enterprises will feel that their investment is worthwhile and can recruit suitable candidates. When schools decide on which majors to offer, what skills students need to master during internships and training, how to teach, and how to assess, they should fully listen to the suggestions of enterprises. This ensures that the talents cultivated truly meet the job requirements.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\" style=\"font-size: 18px;\">A long-term guarantee mechanism is crucial for improving the industry-education alignment mechanism.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">The government should create a stage for cooperation to ensure its longevity. The government should introduce clear policies or regulations, clearly defining the responsibilities and authorities of schools and enterprises when cooperating. The government can lead the construction of a regional industry talent demand big data platform and regularly publish lists of urgently needed disciplines and majors. Universities will know in advance what kind of talents are in demand and how many, ensuring that the training direction and goals resonate with industrial upgrading. Regular \"check-ups\" to evaluate effectiveness can involve third-party experts or institutions to periodically examine whether the school-enterprise cooperation is effective, whether the talents trained are satisfactory to enterprises, and what contribution they make to the local industry. At the same time, we should reward those who perform well. The government can set up special funds to focus on rewarding those school-enterprise combinations with good cooperation effects and high-quality talent cultivation, or innovative and sustainable good projects, forming a positive cycle where \"the better you perform, the more support you receive.\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: 18px;\" class=\"ql-lineHeight-1-75\">Improving the industry-education alignment mechanism and building a community of shared destiny among the government, schools, and enterprises, achieving deep coupling between the education chain and the industrial chain, will enable local universities to continuously produce high-quality application-oriented talents who can \"go down, stay, and perform well.\"\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">[News Source]\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(56, 56, 56); font-size: 14px; color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">China Education Daily, Issue 02, July 17, 2025 \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\"> (Author is the vice chairman and president of Shaoyang University) \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fedu.cnr.cn\u002Fsy\u002FsytjB\u002F20250718\u002Ft20250718_527268988.shtml\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\">https:\u002F\u002Fedu.cnr.cn\u002Fsy\u002FsytjB\u002F20250718\u002Ft20250718_527268988.shtml\u003C\u002Fa>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp class=\"ql-align-justify\">\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(187, 187, 187);\"> (This article is reposted by this website to provide readers with more information and news. The content does not constitute investment or consumption advice. If there are any questions about the facts of the article, please verify with the relevant parties. The views expressed in the article are not the views of this website and are for reference only.)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","https:\u002F\u002Fxinwei-dev-test.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com\u002Fintelligent\u002Faudio%3A969a037e-a00a-4da2-94d3-945459a6a38b%3A0.wav?Expires=1774838500&OSSAccessKeyId=LTAI5tNvY2RkKjZw4LLWsrPK&Signature=3O2R5n%2FHQzgQRUVp7BlZc35G%2BFI%3D","969a037e-a00a-4da2-94d3-945459a6a38b",14229900]